Cytotoxicity of Ethanolic Extract of petroselinum sativum against Esophageal Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Digestive system tumors, including esophageal carcinoma considered one of the fatal tumors with a high mortality rate. The search for effective therapeutics is necessary to improve cancer patients’ survival. The classical cancer therapy showed many health problem during long time treatment, therefore alternative medicine needful to improve cancer treatment and reduce side effects.Herbal medicine is the origin of the most effective current cancer therapeutics. parsley (Petroselinum sativum) plant possess multiple pharmacological properties that drive attention to be tested for cancer therapy.This study aimed to evaluate the anti- tumor efficacy of 70% ethanolic extract of parsley (Petroselinum sativum) leaves against human esophageal cancer cell line (SK-GT-4) and normal rat embryonic cells (REF). The assessment of the cytotoxicityeffect of the extract was carried out by crystal violet assay for determining viability of cells CV.Parsley ethanolic extract has reduced the viability of esophageal cancer cells, and the maximum inhibition rate was 39.68 % at the dose of 500 μg/ml. The corresponding values for the normal embryonic (REF) cell (as inhibition rate) were 82% under the same experimental conditions and doses.In conclusion, the result revealed that, although the ethanolic extract has a cytotoxic effect on both esophageal cancer (SK-GT-4) and normal embryonic (REF) cells, but the effectiveness against cancer cells was less evident.